draught
英 [drɑːft]
美 [drɑft]
- n. 气流；汇票；草稿（等于draft）
- vt. 起草；征兵；选派（等于draft）
- adj. 汲出的；拖拉的（等于draft）
助记提示
1. from drag, draw. draught 与 drag，draw 同源或者说就源于这两个单词。draft is spelling variant of draught.
2. Most of its modern English meanings are fairly transparently descended from the idea of 'pulling': 'draught beer', for example, is 'drawn' from a barrel.
3. Of the less obvious ones, 'current of air' is air that is 'drawn' through an opening;
4. the game draughts comes from an earlier, Middle English sense of draught, 'act of drawing a piece across the board in chess and similar games';
5. while draft 'provisional plan' was originally 'something drawn or sketched'.
6. draw => draught, draft. dry => drought.
中文词源
draught 通风气流，棋子来自PIE*dhragh, 拉，吸出，词源同drag,draw. 引申义通风气流，棋子，喝一口。
英文词源
- draught
- draught: [12] Draught and draft are essentially the same word, but draft (more accurately representing its modern English pronunciation) has become established since the 18th century as the spelling for ‘preliminary drawing or plan’, ‘money order’, and (in American English) ‘conscription’. The word itself probably comes from an unrecorded Old Norse *drahtr, an abstract noun meaning ‘pulling’ derived from a prehistoric Germanic verb *dragan (source of English drag and draw).
Most of its modern English meanings are fairly transparently descended from the idea of ‘pulling’: ‘draught beer’, for example, is ‘drawn’ from a barrel. Of the less obvious ones, ‘current of air’ is air that is ‘drawn’ through an opening; the game draughts comes from an earlier, Middle English sense of draught, ‘act of drawing a piece across the board in chess and similar games’; while draft ‘provisional plan’ was originally ‘something drawn or sketched’.
=> draft, drag, draw - draught (n.)
- c. 1200, from Old English *dreaht, *dræht, related to dragan "to draw, drag" (see drag (v.)). Oldest sense besides that of "pulling" is of "drinking." It retains the functions that did not branch off with draft (q.v.).
双语例句
- 1. They drink bitter on draught in the local bar.
- 他们在当地的酒吧里喝桶装的苦啤酒。
来自柯林斯例句
- 2. One of the night-duty nuns gave her a sleeping draught.
- 一个值夜班的修女给了她一剂安眠药水。
来自柯林斯例句
- 3. The restaurant is licensed, offering draught beers, wines, spirits and soft drinks.
- 这家餐馆有酒类经营执照，提供扎啤、葡萄酒、烈性酒和汽水。
来自柯林斯例句
- 4. Draught beer is available too.
- 还提供桶装啤酒。
来自柯林斯例句
- 5. He took a draught of beer.
- 他喝了一大口啤酒。
来自柯林斯例句