cram

• adj. 填鸭式学的
• vi. 狼吞虎咽地吃东西；死记硬背功课
• vt. 填满，塞满；死记硬背；猛吃
• n. 死记硬背；极度拥挤
• n. (Cram)人名；(英、德)克拉姆

来自PIE*ger, 围，集中，词源同cramp, gregarious.

cram

cram: [OE] Prehistoric Germanic had a base *kram-, *krem- which denoted ‘compression’ or ‘bending’. Among its descendants were Old Norse kremja ‘squeeze, pinch’, German krumm ‘crooked’ (source of English crumhorn [17], a curved Renaissance musical instrument), and Old English crammian (ancestor of cram), which meant ‘press something into something else, stuff’.

An extension of the base with p (*kramp-, *kremp-) produced Middle Low German and Middle Dutch krampe ‘bent’, one or other of which was borrowed by Old French as crampe and passed on to English as cramp [14] (crampon [15] comes from a related source). Other products of the Germanic base were Old English crumb ‘crooked’, a possible ancestor of crumpet, and perhaps crimp [17].

A nonnasalized version of the base produced Germanic *krappon ‘hook’, source of grape and grapnel.
=> crampon, crimp, crumhorn, crumpet, grape, grapnel

cram (v.)

Old English crammian "press something into something else," from Proto-Germanic *kram-/*krem- (cognates: Old High German krimman "to press, pinch," Old Norse kremja "to squeeze, pinch"), from PIE root *ger- "to gather" (see gregarious). Meaning "study intensely for an exam" originally was British student slang first recorded 1803. Related: Crammed; cramming.

1. It's difficult to cram everything into a tight schedule.

日程紧，很难把所有事情都安排进去。

来自柯林斯例句

2. There was such a cram in the church.

教堂里拥挤得要命.

来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

3. This paper reveals the internal relations and properties of the Cayley - Monger determinant and Cram determinant.

本文揭示Cayley—Menger行列式与Cram行列式的内在联系及性质,借助这一桥梁作用.

来自互联网

4. " Cram then if you want.

" 随你去抽筋吧.

来自英汉文学 - 老人与海

5. The room's full; we can't cram any more people in.

屋里满满的, 再也挤不进去人了.

来自辞典例句